Sir Gawain and the Green Knight color Essay Example For Students

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight shading Essay Despite the fact that regularly broad detail might be denounced as unimportant fancy language, in understanding Sir Gawain and the Green Knight one must make exceptional accentuation on it. In shading and symbolism itself, the obscure creator paints the very filaments of this work, permitting Sir Gawain to perceive the subtleties of ceremonial valor and truth. His mission after the Green Knight is as straightforward as ones journey toward himself. Through intense familiarity with the physical world he experiences Gawain goes to a comprehension of the world past gallantry, an association with G-d, the wellspring of truth. He learns, valor, similar to a machine, will consistently work appropriately, yet so as to get significance from its item he should permit nature to influence him. At the beginning of Sir Gawain and the Green Night the obscure creator goes to incredible length genuinely depicting the plushness of Christmastime in Arthurs court. For Camelot even Christmastide, a profoundly strict occasion, is given centrality dependent on its purposeless stylish facade as opposed to intrinsic strict worth. The dais is well - decked (Sir Gawain and the Green Night, 75), and expensive silk draperies (76) covering over Queen Guinevere. The Knights are portrayed as fearless by commotion by day, moving around evening time (47 ), this is to state they are the worldview of fortitude and social polish. Both courage and refinement are not characteristic of the knights humankind, his sentiments and contemplations, rather how shows up and acts. Unlike King Arthurs lavish and innocent depiction, the Green Knight shows up natural, similar to a congested logger in a debutante ball. His very access to the account plans to break Camelots shallow relationship with natural preliminaries. While Arthur looks for joy in hearing stories of some reasonable accomplishment (92), the Green Knight subverts all custom known to be courageous provoking the ruler to an actual existence gambling game. With a wide neck to rear end (137), (restricted to Arthurs court delineated in the ever magnificent shading red,) the Knight is dressed in green, the shade of nature. He shows up with no protective layer other then his confidence, simply an utilitarian woodsmans hatchet. While Green Knight is portrayed like a creature who is said to have swayed his whiskers (306) yet comprehends the repetitive idea of life and truth of keeps an eye on purposelessness, it is simply after Sir Gawain broadcasts his absence of solidarity (however he says it by then as an issue of valor) that he can start his excursion (instead of King Arthur) to find out about living. The Green Knights embodiment of the truth isn't settled in physical originals just like the Knights of Arthurs court. He shows up with no protective layer to shield him from feeling the world, in actuality his green appearance, however strong in portrayal, contains suggestions of green aloofness. He is neither delineated as otherworldly blue, nor warm passionate yellow, rather the combination of the two, malicious green. To live in a condition of vulnerability is the absolute opposite of mid-abhorrent gallantry. It is a knights obligation to know his place in the public arena and to whom he serves, not to think or feel thusly when Gawain approaches the Green Knight for guidelines to locate his home, the Knight gives no conventional location, rather an experiential reaction. He says If I reveal to you valid, when I have taken your thump you will hear immediately of my home and home and my own name (398-399). This announcement powers Gawain to live in the truth and feeling existing apart from everything else rather then set out on his journey upon social results. Looking for the Green Knight, Gawain goes through the wild and comes to perceive his actual subjection to nature and not simply social builds. It is in the midst of his doing combating of horrible mammoths, cold downpour, wild backwoods and that's only the tip of the iceberg, where he starts to feel the mortality of humankind and the need to appeal to a more prominent being that Mary might be his guide (738). This petition and acknowledgment of a bigger power past him drives legitimately to the revelation of the Palace of Bertilak de Hautdesert. While the royal residence of Bertilak de Hautdesert is fit for a lord and sumptuous by plan its very occupants hold a lesser incentive to .

Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein :: Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton were both the children of ranchers. In spite of the fact that Einstein lived in Germany and was Jewish while Newton was Catholic or Christian and lived in England. Albert showed himself geometry while Newton’s family couldn’t even peruse or compose yet. As Newton was growing up one of his dearest companion was a youngster named Edmund Glaley. Isaac and Albert where both living in the 1600 are in this timeframe. Lord George was the ruler as of now. Â Â Â Â Â Einstein detested his school and the entirety of the German examinations. In 1894 Albert family disregarded him in the Army and to completed his investigations. At the period of just 15 he had the entirety of his freedom. The he discovered that his family had moved to Paliva. His father worked with his father in a production line. In 1898 Einstein met Molava and it was unexplainable adoration. While Newton was finding theory and testing, so was Albert yet he didn’t start until some other time. In composition Albert was viewed as sluggish and inept. Newton and Albert for all intents and purposes examined something very similar, however exactly at various occasions. For example, light and its hues, movement, science by and large, space and the universe, gravity was a huge one. They likewise considered circle and math. Einstein concentrated about being an educator, power and how things worked. Newton contemplated telescopes, light and that the expression of god is increasingly significant then science. Â Â Â Â Â Newton was excepted into the “society'; and afterward he turned into the leader of the “society'; and that was a huge arrangement in those days. He likewise distributes a book. For Einstein’s likely arrangements he planed on wedding Molava and having youngsters despite the fact that Einstein voyaged all around the globe in spite of the fact that, he was as yet ready to stay in contact with Molava and her children. Their names were Liza and different children name must have quite recently escaped my attention. He would not have spoken with them and as much he would have enjoyed. He before long got separated. At that point in 1919 he wedded his cousin named Elssa. He went to see his dad one day to reveal to him the uplifting news his dad basically disclosed to him that he was a mess up and to return home with his family. He then kicked the bucket that day alone. Newton dressed carelessly and he once in a while hit the hay somewhere in the ra nge of two and three toward the beginning of the day, Newton additionally never wedded and he got little snickers about that one.

Essay Samples - Characteristics of a Good MBA Essay

Essay Samples - Characteristics of a Good MBA EssayEssay samples in MBA essays are usually basic in nature, but because you are not a student at a university, your main goal should be to come up with a well-written, challenging and convincing essay. Essay samples can actually be quite useful, because they give you a clear picture of what it takes to write a good essay. To better understand how to go about writing an MBA essay, here are some of the characteristics of a good one.The first thing that students need to learn is that the grammar and spelling should be used effectively in their essays. Grammar rules are especially important when writing about controversial topics. When you are writing about business jargon, punctuation, and proper grammar, make sure you research on the topic. If you learn these basics, you will surely do a good job of providing the reader with the information that he/she needs.In your MBA essay samples, try to be factual, concise, and concise in describing your opinions and thoughts. Do not get carried away with too much detail, as this will just bore the reader. When in doubt, leave out unnecessary details and the facts that you don't think are worth mentioning. You should also consider using quotes, but make sure that they are related to the topic at hand. Also, always be careful when writing in the first person.Make use of basic sentence structures, such as the functional one, the conjunction, the dual, and so on. These sentence structures are basic and a great help in the essay writing process. Your job as a writer is to provide the reader with enough information without sounding too complex or too long. All this should be done in the most pleasing manner possible. Make sure that you are well-versed in grammar and sentence structure to ensure that you avoid any possible misunderstandings during the review phase.Students often try to make their essays more interesting by incorporating quotes from the author. In the case of quotatio ns, try to utilize the whole sentence instead of just using quotes in certain parts. When the sentence is the same, use quotes in certain places.A personal touch and a well-written essay is another trait that students should take note of, as this will give the reader an insight into your personality. Try to include details about your life, family, education, hobbies, and so on. The main idea is to make the essay interesting and keep it from boring.Finally, when writing an MBA essay, always remember that style is very important. Give your reader the information that he/she needs in a way that will make him/her think. Always remember that every sentence must have a clear purpose. This will help you achieve a pleasing reading experience for your readers.Those are some of the qualities of a good essay. Keep in mind these tips and you will definitely do a good job of writing an MBA essay.

Analytical Essay on Literature

Literature and Trifles Analytical Essay Narratives such as â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell (1916) evoke images of women as insignificant beings in a male dominated society (p. 21 ). Male attitudes towards women often prevented them from seeing what was in front of them. The female characters were all too aware who had murdered and the reason she likely committed it. The trifles as the male characters called the feminine objects were essential to solving the murder as well as understanding what drove the protagonist to act as she did (Glaspell, 1916, p. 21). The climax was particularly telling when the female characters told the attorney the suspect had intended to know the quilt pieces together (Glaspell, 1916, p. 22). This paper will discuss the importance of the play’s definitive moment as well as what matters most in the speech, whether the events or ideas were anticipated. Finally the text will discuss whether or not the play offered a moral for its intended audience to appreciate. â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell (1916) had some poignant moments within the fabric of the story which made it appealing to even the most sceptical reader as it provided him or her with an insight into a world he or she would never experience (p. 21). The most significant moment was when the female characters realised their neighbour had murdered her husband as well as the reason she did it (Glaspell, 1916, p. 22). The lack of care for the crime reflected society’s unquestioned acceptance of men as the superior gender. Pride and chauvinism blinded the male characters to the key clues which would have helped them achieve justice for everyone. The mundane or unimportant details were overlooked, yet seemingly normal rooms could be the very place where the murder occurred. The most important part of the play was not the murder itself or who had committed it, rather it was the discovery of an empty bird cage as well as the simple question as to whether or not the bits of mat erial would be knotted together without recognising its significance (Glaspell, 1916, p. 22). While the narrative was complex it was also predictable which meant it was easy for the audience to anticipate what was likely to happen as it progressed. The lack of motivation and the men’s unwillingness to examine the fine details suggested the case would remain unresolved by the end of the play (Glaspell, 1916, p. 23). Traditional attitudes towards women provided female criminals with the chance to remain free to commit another crime. Gender played a significant role in the story as its emphasis of the public or masculine world and the private feminine domain provided the protagonist with a slim chance of escape. The very objects which were overlooked proved to be the answer to an otherwise normal home. The moral or the most important lesson the text taught its readers was to consider all the evidence on its merits rather than automatically dismissing it as the average person did. â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell (1916) provided the reader with an insight into a male dominated society which women supposedly could not understand or enter (p. 21). Chauvinism prevented the men from observing the fine details which the women considered would give the murder little chance of justice. The narrative was a complex web of gender spheres within society. Despite the complexity the story was predictable as the dismissal of important evidence ultimately led to the murder being unresolved (Glaspell, 1916, p. 23). In conclusion the play taught its readers to appreciate the fine details rather than rejecting them as trifles or unimportant facts unworthy of further consideration. Reference List Glaspell, S. (1916). Trifles. USA: Iowa University Press.

The 8 Best Podcasts for Learning Spanish in 2019

Peace, Love, Unity, Respect Essay - 664 Words

We intently display ourselves sporting the most fashion conscious trends in our suburban manifestations of white picketed, identically boxed houses. However, what would happen if your neighbours white picket fence was no longer white but psychedelic orange, and instead of quaint jazz music, hard electro-dance would blast out of their windows? Certainly the average Joe would have a few choice words about the situation. Funny enough, America is known as the land of the free, but ironically we are still fighting the restrictions of social enclosure. Our society spews its conformist values on anything it surrounds, and in the moment that one seems different, we quiver. Amongst these individuals are ravers, members of a grossly†¦show more content†¦The second largest rave in the world was invading two thirds of the city. In sneakers and jeans with a camera in hand, I was the epitome of awkwardness. Everyone that seemed to pass wore nothing but body paint and sparkles. There, the nightlife was more of an experience. Everyone young and old took part in the exuberance of loud music, extreme dress, and friendliness! It was much unlike the generic unresponsive vibes we give off while sitting alone, arms crossed at a pub. Rave was something so unfamiliar to me, and it was hard to understand how these Europeans could embrace it as an actual part of their lives. It became a realization that the rave c ulture is widely more accepted in Europe because people realize it is a form of self expression and freedom. Nobody comes to a rave just to pop some pills and get arrested, because it defeats the purpose that a rave tries to achieve. In addition, like going to a nightclub, a rave also has rules of conduct to abide by. P.L.U.R (peace, love, unity, respect) is the new doctrine of the rave community. P.L.U.R is the thing that separates raving from its frequent stereotypes. Ravers come to an event to share great music, and take their minds away from the reality of everyday life. However, how often is it when there isnt a fight at a bar? Doesnt that mean that it should be twice as vicious at a so-called rave? Typically it is not a problem, because of the respect factor. At a rave everyone is equal,Show MoreRelatedCommon Good969 Words   |  4 PagesChristian love. It appears in a context wherein Augustine gives the guidelines for day-to-day life in community, a life characterized by mutual service. We have already pointed out the importance of the social dimension in Augustine’s thought. Since human life is social by nature, the development of a person cannot be separated from its social context. The same applies to the new life of the believer in Christ. The new man that is born from the waters of baptism lives the commandment of love. ThisRead MoreRole of Youth in Peace1678 Words   |  7 PagesGandhi used the term â€Å"Satyagraha† to refer to a kind of active but absolutely non-violent resistance to oppression. In his words: â€Å"Truth (satya) implies love, and firmness (agraha) engenders and therefore serves as a synonym for force. I thus began to call the Indian movement Satyagraha, that is to say, the Force which is born of Truth and Love or non-violence, and gave up the use of the phrase â€Å"passive resistance†, in connection with it, so much so that even in English writing we often avoided itRead MoreThe Baha I Faith1337 Words   |  6 Pageshumanity. The temples are places for prayer and reflection, which allows the individual to make a personal connection to god without the need to connect through clergy or a priest. They also maintain that women are to be viewed as equals in every respect to men. There is no specific clergy in the Baha’i faith. They don’t believe that you need a middle man to attain a connection with god. There are many faiths in the world that have the need for a priest or other church clergy that you must speakRead MoreBarack Obama 2004 Keynote Speech800 Words   |  4 PagesConvention, Barack Obama introduced himself as a skinny kid with a funny name. The rising star of Illinois politics was elected to the U.S. Senate three months later. His delivery, using rhetoric, was full of fervid sentiment that reminds us of what we love about the United States of America. His passionate speech inspired Americans to renew their faith in their country and persist their individual dreams and yet still come together as one American family. On July 29, 2004, Barack Obama gave the keynoteRead MoreSports Building Peace in Our Troubled World970 Words   |  4 PagesOn this planet we call home, there are 7 billion reasons for peace and on average, 25550 days for each person to make a difference. Peace is not the absence of war, but the matter of you being at peace with yourself and others around you. You may ask, how is this possible? Well the simplest way would be through sports. Introducing the Commonwealth Games in 1930, with it’s motto Humanity - Equality - Destiny is a perfect example on how people of different nations, ethics and believes come togetherRead MoreUnity of Muslims2261 Words   |  10 PagesAllah s favor on you; for ye were enemies and He joined your hearts in love so that by His grace ye became brethren; and ye were on the brink of the pit of fire and He saved you from it. Thus doth Allah make his signs clear to you: that ye may be guided. (Verse 013, Al-i-Imran). Delivering long and long speeches about the Unity of Muslim Ummah does not tire our leaders, Imams and scholars. Every Muslim talks about the unity. However, as days are passing by Muslims are getting more and more dividedRead MoreEssay Enlightenment from The Tao Te Ching709 Words   |  3 Pagesfamily arrangement is the most honorable virtue, and each family member must contribute to family unity according to page 54, â€Å"Let the Tao be present in your life/and you will become genuine./Let it be present in your family/and your family will flourish.† Having a successful family life should be everyone’s goal, but this simple statement is rarely what we see in the western world today. Instead of unity we either see one out of every two marriages ending in divorce, or we see disunited families. RarelyRead MoreLetter From Birmingham Jail And Nonviolent Protests Essay1569 Words   |  7 Pageshumankind rise above its confinements is to act with as well as grasp â€Å"e xtremism†. According to Mott, â€Å"That this action had been termed â€Å"extreme† King admits â€Å"initially disappointed† him.† But King decides that if loyalty to good principles such as faith, love, and counciese be â€Å"extreme†, then â€Å"extremist† he is. Regardless of its deliberate limitation, the Letter is a contention for making a move, and against holing up behind clichà ©s of balance. King was a very charismatic leader. His ability to leadRead MoreNational Integration1481 Words   |  6 PagesIndia has many races, nationalities, castes, sub-castes and communities but so far the hear of India is concerned it is one. It is true that societies that have been integrated into bonds of unity have always enjoyed peace, stability, prosperity and permanence. And those torn by mutual disruptive tendencies among various sections of the society have always been short lived and become non- existent. The national integration is the process of uniting different people from all walks of life into a singleRead MoreWhat Does The Obligation Of A Person?1060 Words   |  5 PagesFocusing on the reconstruction of government based on the aspect of goodness will help shift the concentration of self to other and push the possibility of developed responsibility. The relevance of goodness is seen in the simplicity of the people’s love of life and every living thing. Arguably, people perform acts of goodness to be noticed in the society. However, acts of goodness may be recognized without the presence of witnesses. Such actions are performed without knowledge and guilt of the gain

Ilm M4.01 free essay sample

Managers have subordinates – people who operate at levels below the managers’. 10 In summary10 Leadership and Adaptability10 4. Communication and interpersonal relationships11 4. 1 Explanation11 4. 2 Barriers11 5. Development opportunities12 5. 1 Personal style14 5. 2 Personal development16 M4. 01: Understanding the management role (Work based assignment) 1. Introduction 1. 1 My Role – Principle Desktop Engineer †¢ Medway Council. The council employs around 7,000 people in a wide variety of general and specialist roles. Staff are based in the two main offices: Gun Wharf Chatham Maritime and Civic Centre in Strood. As well as in schools, social services centres and leisure, countryside, heritage and arts centres. †¢ My role within the organisation is Principle Desktop Engineer. I currently have a team of 8 engineers and an apprentice. †¢ The main purpose of the job is to manage the desktop engineer team, providing an effective and efficient desktop service to Medway Council. A full Job description (JDQ) is listed at appendix 1. 2. Medway Council[1] Medway Council is a unitary council responsible for providing services, including education and social services, in Rochester, Strood, Chatham, Gillingham, Rainham, the nearby rural areas and the Hoo Peninsula. The council also ensures that people comply with regulations, supports business and tourism in Medway and works to include everyone and regenerate the area. Services People who need services can find information on our website or at the council’s main offices, the town centre contact points as well as in local papers and radio and in the free magazine for residents, Medway Matters. You can also pay online for many services, including council tax, rent and parking fines and also complain if services are not up to your expectations. Decisions Decisions about our services are made after asking people for their views about, for example, what core values should underpin decisions and much more. Councillors make decisions about everything from refuse collection to regeneration of the area. It is their job to ensure that services are provided cost effectively, where they are needed and without discrimination. Council meetings are publicised in advance and members of the public are welcome to attend. Partnership Working in partnership with others to tackle problems effectively and campaign is co-ordinated through the Local Strategic Partnership and set out in the community plan. Other examples of partnership working are the Children and Young Peoples Partnership and Community Safety Partnership (CSP). Employer As an employer of around 7,000 people, Medway Council offers full and part-time career opportunities. 2. 1 The council’s vision †¢ The Council’s vision for Medway is that Medway will be thriving, confident and healthy, a place where people are proud to live, work and learn. There will be opportunities for everyone to achieve and succeed, and to get the most out of life. We will celebrate the diversity of our communities, tackling disadvantage in all its forms. The local economy will grow an increasing number and range of jobs created by the expansion of existing businesses and the attraction of new ones. With a University for Medway offering opportunities for all local people, we will have a highly educated and skilled workforce, able to meet the needs of employers. Economic prosperity and progress will not however, be achieved at the expense of the environment. People living in Medway will enjoy a high quality of life, with decent, affordable housing. There will be a responsive transport system, helping to reduce traffic congestion. We will improve the environment and maintain it for future generations. †¢ This can only be achieved through the participation of all – the community, the Council, businesses and others sharing ambition and responsibility. We will listen to local people and jointly take pride in improving the place where we live. Networks of voluntary groups working with local people will be encouraged. Medway Council will provide high quality services, always working to improve value for money. Over and above this the Council will consult and involve local people so that decisions are taken on spending limited resources together. The Council will co-coordinate partnerships across boundaries to achieve common objectives. Medway Council will seek to set an example as a good and fair employer. †¢ Medway matters â €“ there is no limit to what we can achieve. Working together we will shape the future of Medway and create an environment of flourishing communities with people who fulfil their potential. . 2 Organisational structure The council is made up of two directorates: †¢ Children and Adults †¢ Regeneration, Community and Culture An additional partnership with NHS Medway includes: †¢ The Public Health Directorate An organisational chart can be found at appendix 2 with a management role table at appendix 3. 2. 2. 1 Functional areas and managerial roles in relation to its purpose Under the Medway Council Personal Development Review (PDR) there are several personal qualities and attributes (PQAs) which middle managers are assessed against: Commitment to diversity and integrity – promoting and managing diversity and demonstrating a fair and ethical approach in all situations †¢ Openness to change – proactively supporting change, seeking opportunities to pr omote improved organizational effectiveness †¢ Confidence and resilience – consistently projecting and promoting a confident, controlled and focused attitude in highly challenging situations †¢ Working with others – leading, involving and motivating others both within Medway and in the community †¢ Effective communication – communicating effectively oth orally and in writing †¢ Commitment to development – committed and able to develop self, individuals and teams to improve organisational effectiveness †¢ Problem solving – understanding and applying relevant information to make appropriate decisions which reflect key priorities and requirements †¢ Situational awareness – maintaining an active awareness of the environment to promote safe and effective working †¢ Commitment to excellence – leading groups to achieve excellence by the establishment, maintaining and managing performance requirements †¢ Planning and implementing – creating and implementing effective plans to deliver a range of organizational objectives †¢ Political/organizational awareness – recognizing the potential political impact and implications of actions from a strategic perspective These are primarily for operational staff but there is an expectation that all middle managers fulfil these roles. 2. 3 Stakeholders and their objectives A stakeholder is any individual or organisation that is affected by the activities of a business. They may have a direct or indirect interest in the business, and may be in contact with the business on a daily basis, or may just occasionally. Our main stake holders are: †¢ Members – they are elected, accountable and drive values and activities. †¢ Staff – they will be interested in job security and pay. †¢ Agencies – Shools, NHS, Housing, Police, Highways, Waste and Building Control. †¢ Other authorities – SE7, a partnership of seven councils that have committed to working together to improve quality of services and to achieve savings. Stakeholders have an interest in the company but do not own it. I would suggest that most people would say the public would be the main stakeholder as the end-user. However there is a stakeholder matrix which is used to assess how much power and influence they have to an organisation. Using this then influences how much attention/priority the organisation should allocate to each. [pic] 3. The role of management in achieving goals To achieve its goals and ensure that the stakeholder’s interests are continually analysed and met, the council employs middle managers. The council goals can only be achieved if everyone works as a team and supports the council vision and values. Middle managers are an important component of this team. Middle managers have a responsibility within the organisation to implement at an operational level, the policy and programs set out by the senior managers and directors. They have a strong impact on the outcome of customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction and the efficiency and development of the organisation. Middle managers within the company also act as role models who interpret and represent the company; they communicate and track the different goals and policies ensuring information flows up as well as down. 3. 1 Responsibilities of middle managers Middle managers relay strategic objections from senior managers to their subordinates. They set local targets, review and evaluate, and report back to senior managers. Communication is therefore crucial in the organisation to ensure everyone fully understands their roles and responsibilities. Middle managers play an important role in promulgating information to their staff from senior managers in an appropriate manner and understandable language to ensure duties are carried out efficiently and effectively, as we have a duty as â€Å"public servants† to provide value for money. In essence they make it â€Å"real†. Various systems are in place to enable middle managers to provide evaluation on targets to senior managers, and provide data for Best Value Performance Indicators (BVPIs). Adair’s Action Centred Leadership model can be used to show how middle managers can show achievement towards the organisation’s goals: By Achieving the Task By Developing the Team By Developing Individuals Importantly as well, Adair set out these core functions of leadership and says they are vital to the Action Centred Leadership model: Planning seeking information, defining tasks, setting aims †¢ Initiating briefing, task allocation, setting standards †¢ Controlling maintaining standards, ensuring progress, on-going decision-making †¢ Supporting individuals contributions, encouraging, team spirit, reconciling, morale †¢ Informing clarifying tasks and plans, updating, receiving feedback and interpreting †¢ Evaluating feasibility of ideas, performance, enabling self assessment Following training, Medway Council middle managers are involved in recruiting staff, conduct appraisals and performance management and absence management, in accordance with service procedures. Middle managers are specialists within their department or team. . 3. 2 Leadership/Management styles How you talk to your staff, how you motivate, how you delegate, how you solve problems and how you make decisions will depend on you view your role as a manager or as a leader. The table at appendix 4 lists the different styles. 3. 3 To lead or to manage You need both. The old proverb says that leadership is doing the right thing; management is doing things right. The difference between the two is not as sharp as the saying would suggest, and both are required for effective corporate growth: leadership risk creates opportunities while management strictness turns them into tangible results. If your organization is not on a journey dont bother about leadership just settle for management advises John Adair. There is a direct correlation between the way people view their managers and the way they perform† [2] Leadership vs. Management What is the difference between management and leadership? The biggest difference between managers and leaders is the way they motivate the people who work or follow them, and this sets the tone for most other aspects of what they do. Many people are both. They have management jobs, but they realize that you cannot buy hearts, especially to follow them down a difficult path, and so act as leaders too. Managers have subordinates – people who operate at levels below the managers’. Leaders have followers, leaders do not have subordinates at least not when they are leading. Many organizational leaders do have subordinates, but only because they are also managers. But when they want to lead, they have to give up formal authoritarian control, because to lead is to have followers, and following is always a voluntary activity. In summary The table at appendix 5 summarizes the differences between being a leader and being a manager. This is, of course, an illustrative characterisation, and there is a whole spectrum between either end of these scales along which each person can range. Leadership and Adaptability We know that what will inspire or motivate one staff member, will not inspire or motivate another; managers therefore need to be adaptable in their responses to staff. 4. Communication and interpersonal relationships 4. 1 Explanation[3] Interpersonal communication is a crucial part of your everyday life, yet you probably rarely think about the way in which you interact with other individuals. DeVito defines interpersonal communications as â€Å"communication that takes place between two persons who have an established relationship; the people are in some way ‘connected’ Thus, as interpersonal communication can occur between romantic partners, business associates, doctors and patients, etc. , it permeates our lives. Often, you devote your interpersonal interactions to attempts at influencing the other individual in some way. 4. 2 Barriers One thing Ive seen as an inhibitor is people like to communicate in different ways. So as a manager, we need to really seek to understand for each person, what they prefer. Some may like short 1-1 sessions that focus on quick communication of facts. Some may like longer communication sessions and be comfortable talking about personal life. Some may want weekly 1-1s, some bi-weekly. Trying to tailor the communication style in personal interactions is important. Another inhibitor Ive seen is globally dispersed teams where communication can often take the form of instant message conversations and emails. I find that at least on occasion, suggesting a quick 5 minute call to cover something can really be of value allows a more personal level of communication and can also allow for off topic communication which can help people connect. Management is based on communication but being able to transfer that into drivers, performance, motivation and sustainability needs leadership and empowerment skills. It is the basis of trust building. You can give someone a reprimand or praise and even both over a coffee and with genuine commitment you have a strong bond to build on. It converts into motivation when focused right. Its not just about communicating its about several crucial interplays of trust, motivation, inspiration, support and leadership. The main barriers we come across are solved on a trust related basis. Even a simple barrier like arriving late for work is a mountain without trust. Bottom line is each team player is different respect will give you the ability to enter and discuss. Trust will aid the action plan then follow up and reward progress mechanisms facilitate team building and mentoring. 5. Development opportunities Every council employee has a PDR covering: †¢ Performance over the last 6/12 months, achieved objectives/targets, areas of good performance. †¢ Areas of performance to be developed further or any other problems or constraints. †¢ Agreed priority objectives/targets for next 12 months (including any Corporate Plan objectives/targets). †¢ Review of development and training over last 12 months. †¢ Agreed future development. †¢ section/department/authority. †¢ Manager’s comments. †¢ Employee’s comments All managers will manage differently as no two people are the same. However if a manager is able to critically appraise their own performance they will be able to identify areas to be developed, or at least to be aware of. The Johari Window (Loft and Hingham) is a widely used model for understanding and training self-awareness, personal development, improving communications, interpersonal relationships, group dynamics, team development and inter-group relationships. [4] [pic] 1. The public area contains things that are openly known and talked about and which may be seen as strengths or weaknesses. This is the self that we choose to share with others 2. The hidden area contains things that others observe that we dont know about. Again, they could be positive or negative behaviours, and will affect the way that others act towards us. 3. The unknown area contains things that nobody knows about us including ourselves. This may be because weve never exposed those areas of our personality, or because theyre buried deep in the subconscious. 4. The private area contains aspects of our self that we know about and keep hidden from others. 5. 1 Personal style The main two styles used by myself now are Negotiating and Facilitating I carried out a self-assessment and had three of staff carry out the assessment for comparison. All four assessments are fairly well balanced showing my main two styles are: Negotiating and Facilitating. Appendix 6 is my self-assessment. Appendix 7 is an assessment by one of my senior engineers. This shows a lower result for Directing and a higher result for Laissez-faire when compared to the other two staff assessments. This person is experienced, knowledgeable and trustworthy and has pride in his work. Appendix 8 is an assessment by one of my junior engineers. This shows an increase in Directing and a small decrease in Laissez-faire. This person is competent but still requires a little coaching at times. Appendix 9 is an assessment by a fairly new member of staff. This shows a significant increase in Directing and a small decrease in Laissez-faire. This person being fairly new to the team still requires Directing while he gets used to the policies and working practices of the organisation. From the assessment results, it is clear that my main two leadership styles are Negotiating and Facilitating, this fits in well with the organisation and is both encouraged and supported by the business. I believe I use the following styles: †¢ Style 1 the directing or telling leader. This style I use on new members of staff and for projects that are high priority and need to be completed by the book. †¢ Style 2 the coaching or selling leader. I use this style when dealing with the every day workloads, I have two senior engineers who manage the internal and external work queues seperately. I leave them to orghanise there own schedule but monitor both queues and expect feed back from them. †¢ Style 3 the supporting or participating leader. I use this style during when I have smaller projects that I can delegate to my engineers knowing that they are fully capable of achieving the goals laid down. †¢ Style 4 the delegating leader. I use this when I delegate more complex projects to my senior engineers knowing that they are fully capable of achieving the goals set out and will seek my advice/approval if any changes are required during the project. 5. 2 Personal development My areas for self improvement would be: 1. Communication, change leadership is enhanced when leaders communicate a little at a time, as often as possible, in as many different ways as possible, and providing as many different perspectives as possible. Once team members have built their own personal model of the future and have checked it out against the reality of what is happening on the ground, so that they can once again begin to make their own decisions, the communication process will have served its purpose. This could be achieved by allowing time for more team meetings to pass on any changes that may be in the pipeline, get an update on how the team feel in general. What has worked – can we improve on current working practices to give an improved and more efficient service to the organisation. What hasn’t worked and why, analyse where the task went wrong and see if it can be avoided in the future, lessons learnt. Finally to give praise/rewards where/if appropriate. 2. Self awareness, more patience with both team members and customers, being an autocratic leader for 20 years leaves its mark. My own personal development plan can be found at appendix 10 Possible organisational improvements: 1. Review working practices on a regular basis and try to improve on them making work more productive, efficient leading to a more effective service to the organisation [pic][pic] [1] Medway Council website [2] Adair, 1997 [3] DeVito, J. A. (2004). The interpersonal communication book, 10th ed. Boston: Pearson-Allyn Bacon. [4] Google Images